
刚看到第一个词就瞳孔地震,这真的是雅思词汇吗?相信每一个备考雅思的同学都吐槽过雅思考试的变态程度,特别是阅读里面抽象的词汇,每每看到这些仿佛26个字母随机排列的组合,一阵恐惧就会莫名的袭来…官方曾发布的“25个高难度核心词汇”在备考圈引发热议,不少网友晒出自己的识别结果,有人连认带蒙才搞定5个,有人直言“看到第三个就放弃”。快来挑战一下你认识几个!!
01 雅思官方公布的最难词汇 abrogate/'æbrget/ 英文解释:to fail to do what is required by (something) 中文解释:失职 e.g:The company's directors were accused of abrogating their responsibilities. belie/b'la/ 英文解释:to give a false representation to; misrepresent 中文解释:给人以假象 e.g:Her energy and youthful good looks belie her 65 years. cajole/k'dʒoʊl/ 英文解释:persuade by flattery or coaxing 中文解释:哄骗 e.g: People with bad intentions can easily cajole children with candies or toys. conciliate/kən'sɪliˌeɪt/ 英文解释:to make peace with 中文解释:安抚,调和 e.g:It is nearly impossible to conciliate these two disagreeing families. diatribe/'daɪətraɪb/ 英文解释:a verbal attack against a person 中文解释:谴责 e.g:The book is a diatribe against mainstream concept. dilatory/'dɪləˌtɔri/ 英文解释:causing a delay 中文解释:拖延的 e.g:One of my friends tends to be dilatory about answering messages. equivocation/ɪˌkwɪvə'keɪʃən/ 英文解释:to speak vaguely, with the intention of misleading someone 中文解释:含糊其辞 e.g:His answers were filled with evasions and equivocations. fatuous/'fætʃuəs/ 英文解释:devoid of intelligence 中文解释:愚笨的 e.g:Their arguments were completely fatuous. hoipolloi/hɔɪpəˈlɔɪ/ 英文解释:the common people generally 中文解释:老百姓,普通人 e.g:Monstrously inflated costs are designed to keep the hoipolloi at bay. inchoate/ɪnˈkoʊət/ 英文解释:only partly in existence; imperfectly formed 中文解释:早期的,尚未发展完善的 e.g:Once cancers are found out, except few inchoate can be cured by operation, most of others are incurable. indefatigable/ˌɪndɪˈfætɪɡəbl/ 英文解释:showing sustained enthusiastic action with unflagging vitality 中文解释:不知疲倦的 e.g:His indefatigable spirit helped him to cope with his illness. inundate/ˈɪnʌndeɪt/ 英文解释:flooded 中文解释:淹没 e.g:Low-lying areas could be inundated by rising rivers. invective/ɪnˈvɛktɪv/ 英文解释:abusive language 中文解释:辱骂,谩骂 e.g:Misleading comments full of invective against a particular matter should be controlled for network order. martinet/mɑrˈtɪnɛt/ 英文解释:a very strict person who demands that other people obey orders or rules completely 中文解释:严格执行纪律的人 e.g:He is a retired officer and a bit of a martinet. pillory/ˈpɪləri/ 英文解释:to publicly criticize (someone) in a very harsh way 中文解释:使受公众批评 e.g:Criminals should be pilloried by the public. truculent/ˈtrʌkjələnt/ 英文解释:have a fierce, savage nature 中文解释:好斗的,野蛮的 e.g:It is the responsibility of schools to educate youngsters not to be truculent. vicissitude/vɪˈsɪsɪtud/ 英文解释:an unwelcome or unpleasant change in circumstances or fortune 中文解释:(尤指不受欢迎或不愉快的)世事变化 e.g:By then the house and its occupants have been through many vicissitudes. jackassery/ˈdʒækəsəri/ 英文解释:foolish behaviour or stupidity 中文解释:愚蠢,蠢事 e.g:His jackassery was exposed beneath klieg lights for all to see. nonplussed/nɒnˈplʌst/ 英文解释:filled with bewilderment 中文解释:非常困惑的 e.g:He was rather nonplussed by her question. panache/pəˈnæʃ/ 英文解释:distinctive and stylish elegance 中文解释:神气十足 e.g:She carried off the performance with panache. surreptitious/ˌsɜːrəpˈtɪʃəs/ 英文解释:taking pains not to be caught or detected 中文解释:鬼鬼祟祟的 e.g:She sneaked a surreptitious glance at her watch. unabashed/ˌʌnəˈbæʃt/ 英文解释:not embarrassed or ashamed 中文解释:不害羞的 e.g:He seems unabashed by his recent defeat. uncanny/ʌnˈkæni/ 英文解释:strange or unusual in a way that is surprising or difficult to understand 中文解释:离奇的;不可思议的 e.g:She had an uncanny resemblance to someone I had seen before. untoward/ʌnˈtɔrd/ 英文解释:unusual and unexpected, and usually unpleasant 中文解释:不合时宜的 e.g:There was nothing untoward about his appearance. asperity/əˈspɛrɪti/ 英文解释: harsh in manner 中文解释:粗鲁,刻薄 e.g:There was a touch of asperity in his tone.
展开剩余44%怎么样?你挑战成功了几个?不过不用担心,官方都说了是最难的程度,说明考试中涉及的会很少!!所以大家也不用刻意去记忆~那么,在考场上遇到生词就真的“没救”了吗?答案是:千万别放弃!掌握这些猜词技巧,就算遇见生词也不怕做不对题目~赶快一起来看看吧!
02 考试遇到“生词”怎么办? 尝试直接忽略 读着读着遇到生词怎么办?先尝试一下直接忽略生词吧!有时候句子中出现的生词很可能不是考察的关键点哦~比如在剑8-T1-P2中这道判断题:题目:Air Traffic Control started after the Grand Canyon crash in 1956. 原文:Rudimentary air traffic control (ATC) existed well before the Grand Canyon disaster. 烤鸭们定位到原文后,一看到“rudimentary”就开始慌了,认为句子的第一个词就不懂,整句话也会不明白什么意思。但是,在这道题中,即使不知道词意也没有关系。小伙伴们完全可以从“ATC”还有“Grand Canyon”进行定位,然后再从两句话中明显的反义词“after”和“well before”来判定答案是“False”。所以今后再练习或在考场上遇到生词时,建议小伙伴们先扫一遍题干和原文,看看出现的生词是否会影响到做题,如果不影响,就直接读利用做题技巧拿下该题~如果影响,可以用模糊概念的方式来尝试理解整个句子。
尝试模糊概念 试想一下,烤鸭们在日常生活中交流时,有时会用一些模糊的字词句来指代某个地点、人名等等,对方也能大致get到烤鸭要传达的内容。所以说,在雅思阅读中,某些生词如果利用模糊概念来指代的话,也不影响整体的理解。毕竟雅思阅读不是翻译考试,不用逐字逐句的进行精准翻译,如果遇到生词,可以这样做:
遇到不认识的专业名词直接翻译成“什么” 不认识的人名直接翻译成“有个人” 不认识的动词则直接翻译成“整” 不认识的形容词翻译成“什么的” 不认识的副词翻译成“怎么地”举个例子:Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about “pure” science. 烤鸭们看到这句话可能觉得每个词都不太复杂,能力好的烤鸭看到“harbour”,也能认出来作为名词是“港口”的意思,但如果在这句话中翻译成港口实属有些奇怪了。再加上“harbour”在这句话中是个动词,硬翻译这句话更会让烤鸭们摸不清头脑...所以烤鸭们不用管这个词的意思,可以把“harbour”替换成“整”来理解这句话——“很多研究表明,儿童对“纯”科学“整”了点误解”,这与翻译正确的原句“很多研究表明,儿童对“纯”科学“怀有”误解”,最终的意思相差其实并不大,也不会影响理解。
不过如果小伙伴们在做题时发现上述的“忽略生词”和“使用模糊概念”都不能解决问题时,可以尝试使用上下文进行推测。
尝试上下文推测 同学们在写作文时经常会被提醒,要用一些逻辑词、连接词来彰显文章的逻辑连贯度。那么雅思阅读作为专业的学术文章来说,逻辑肯定更加缜密啦,这时候烤鸭们就可以上下文背景尝试自己推理,解决生词障碍。根据定义猜测词义雅思阅读中会出现很多专业名词,但定义往往也会紧随其后,比如剑16-T1-P1对于“osteoporosis”的解释:...one that particularly affects our older generation: osteoporosis. This is a disease where bones show reduced density, usually caused by insufficient exercise, reduced calcium intake or food starvation. 后面的那句话中的“This is...”代指了前一句“osteoporosis”,所以即使不懂,也能知道这是一种病,症状是骨密度(density)下降,是由于运动不足、钙摄入减少或者食物缺乏导致。能和生活联系起来的同学就知道是“osteoporosis”其实就是“骨质疏松症”,不知道的同学也大致了解意思后进行做题~除了“This is”之外,看到生词后跟着下面这些词时也可以重点关注会不会紧接着定义解释生词:mean/define/represent/signify/deal with/be considered/be called/be known as等。
根据进一步说明猜测词义 进一步说明不像直接下定义那样那么明显和直接,但在生词后提供的信息通常也能让我们推导出大致意思,比如剑7-T2-P1中这道题:...the staircase was dispensed with because the Japanese pagoda did not have any practical use but became more of an art object. 如果小伙伴们不知道“dispensed with”的意思,就可以通过后面具体的说明:“staircase”没有什么实际用处,变成了一个更像是艺术品的东西“,来判断出这个“staircase”可能是功能被弱化或被直接取消,从而推断出“dispensed with”的意思。另外有相同作用的还有:or/similarly/in other words/namely等词或短语~
根据上文猜测词义 有时候,我们可以直接从上文中给出的概念词来判断,比如:For a start, it can include a lot of other mental states, such as frustration, apathy, depression and indifference。句子开头出现了“mental states”,那我们就可以知道“frustration, apathy, depression and indifference”都是精神状态的一种,所以即使不知道这四个单词的具体意思,在之后的文章中如果单独出现也能知道他们大致类别,等做题时,根据题目具体要求再决定需不需要深究其含义~除了以上根据上下文推测的方法外,烤鸭们也可以根据单词本身的词根词缀进行推测,比如:“over-”作为前缀有“超过;过于”的意思;“mis-”表示否定含义,所以前缀带“mis”的词都跟原词意思相反;“under”通常表示“低于,不足”。我们建议,有余力的同学可以在平时练习时积累一些词根词缀,这样在考场上遇到生词也能帮助自己对词的褒贬义作出初步判断,提升对句子理解的把握~
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